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József Nyírő (July 18, 1889 – October 16, 1953)〔 (Pg. 448 )〕 was a Hungarian writer of popular short stories and novels;〔 a politician associated with Fascism who was accused of war crimes;〔 and briefly a Catholic priest in Miluani. ==Biography== Nyírő was born July 18, 1889 in Jimbor (''Székelyzsombor'') village, in what was then the Kingdom of Hungary's Udvarhely County and is now in Braşov County, Romania.〔 He was ordained in 1912 and taught theology at Nagyszeben and became a priest in 1915.〔 He left the priesthood in 1919 and married, operating a grist mill for a time.〔 He then found success publishing short stories in magazines and newspapers and worked as a journalist for 10 years.〔 In 1931 he inherited a farm estate and took it over.〔 Nyirő's political career is controversial. He was a great admirer of Joseph Goebbels and was a member of the Fascist ‘Arrow-Cross parliament’ of the Arrow Cross Party.〔 Nyírő joined the "''Europäische Schriftstellervereinigung''" (i.e., European Writers' League) which had been founded by Joseph Goebbels.〔''"Dichte, Dichter, tage nicht!" - Die Europäische Schriftsteller-Vereinigung in Weimar 1941-1948'' by Frank-Rutger Hausmann, 2004, ISBN 3-465-03295-0〕 He became the speaker of Hungarian section of the European Writers' League before that position went to Lőrinc Szabó. After the Second Vienna Award, Nyírő joined the Hungarian parliament as a member of the extreme right-wing, anti-Semitic Transylvanian Party.〔 In a 1942 speech, he referred to Jews as “well-poisoners” who “destroy the Hungarian soul, who infect our spirit,” and declared that “This concept of the rundown liberal Jewish tradition, this veiled propaganda, must disappear from Hungarian life.”〔 In 1944, the Arrow Cross Party massacred over 10,000 Jews in Budapest.〔 Throughout this period, Nyírő was editor of the right-wing publication ''Magyar Erő'' (''Hungarian Might'') and remained in the Arrow Cross parliament.〔 After the war, he was charged with war crimes by Romania and Hungary, and fled to West Germany and died of cancer in Franco's Spain, where many fascists and Nazis found exile. Nyirő's fiction, popular in the 1930s and 1940s, describes the life of the Székely villagers living in the Carpathian Mountains, such as woodcutters and farmers.〔 The protagonist of his novel ''Uz Bence'' is the archetypal Székely man: physically strong, humorous, and shrewd, with instincts that allow him to survive in almost any situation.〔 Nyírő's style was informed by expressionism and his stories show people in close harmony with nature, which he believed to be the true source of human happiness.〔 After World War II, he was discarded from the communist canon and largely forgotten because of his political background. An attempt was made by the right-wing in the early 21st century to re-establish him in the curriculum as part of a revision of the national literary canon.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「József Nyírő」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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